Preliminary Field Survey Report of Phase-1 Study Area

Preliminary field visit report for the month of March-16

Socio-economic analysis of preliminary field survey conducted in phase-I sampling area

Introduction:

The report consists of socio-economic analysis of samples collected in the month of March. The sample response entry in the system is in progress. Socio-economic analysis is based on the observations and remarks observed in field survey.

The report is divided in to three parts namely i) Awareness level and expected benefits of 371(j) and HKRDB ii) Social impact of development works done under HKRDB and their quality iii) Third part of the report consist of felt need assessment in the sample survey area.

Part - I

Awareness level and expected benefits of 371(j) and HKRDB:

Awareness among the public regarding 371(j) is less especially in uneducated and woman respondents. Women’s awareness level is 12% where as 31% men have awareness of 371(j). Awareness of HKRDB is very poor, 19% male respondents and 7% female respondents have awareness of HKRDB, majority of people never heard of HKRDB and its functions, reasons may be HKRDB development works are done though different implementing agencies or the display boards for HKRDB works in some places are not in place or it is shaded off and not visible clearly. Some of the respondents said that the development works are done under MLA funds this clearly shows that awareness of HKRDB is very poor. To improve awareness of 371(j) and HKRDB functions and objectives among the residents of Hyderabad-Karnataka region special awareness programs and camps maybe helpful. Creating awareness of 371(j) has much importance to the general public as it directly affects the individual’s socio economic status through special quotas in education and employment which can be availed by getting domicile certificate under article 371(j). Whereas HKRDB functions has an overall regional development objective.

Benefits of the 371(j) and HKRDB. Majority of the respondents does not know the different benefits provided by HKRDB and article 371(j) therefore they are not able to provide exact information regarding expected benefits of article 371(j) and HKRDB, some people have responded that they have got educational quota under 371(j) and employment quotas where as under expected benefits from HKRDB are roads, anganwadi buildings, school buildings, PHC buildings, staff quarters for hospitals and materials supplied to hostels and medical equipments for the hospitals. But, the general people do not know these factors, only the concerned employee of institutions where facility was provided knows the information.

Construction of roads have improved the transportation and logistics requirements for the public, it helped them to transport agricultural produce to nearby markets,  majority of respondents said construction of roads helped them in visiting hospital faster so that they can avail health benefits more faster where local hospitals and PHC’s are not available.

In some responses materials for hostels and instruments supplied for hospitals are not utilized properly because of improper maintenance and non availability of technicians/operators for hospital instruments viz, Chincholi taluka hospital and few students are staying in the hostels viz. girls hostel at sedam, in some hostels students do not stay at night because of hostel building is old and damaged - Kurkunta girls hostel. In some cases where new buildings for hostel, hospital and quarters are built but still they have not handed over to concerned department people viz. hospital building at Sedam and hospital staff quarters at Bandri village Sandur and some are still incomplete without proper water and electricity.

Awareness Level Analysis Graphs

Table 1. Awareness of 371(j)

Awareness Level of 371(j)	No of Responses	Percentage
Have Good Information	159	39
Have Little Information	34	8
Don’t Have Information	219	53

From the above table it can be inferred that Majority of people that is 53% respondents don’t have any information about 371(j), 39% respondents have good information and 8% respondents have little information of article 371(j).

Table 2. Expected benefits from 371(j)

Expected Benefits from 371(j)	No of Responses	Percentage
Received benefits	79	19
Not Received benefits	127	31
Don’t Know	206	50

The table shows the expected benefits from 371(j) by the respondents,  50% respondents don’t know what are the benefits available through article 371(j), 31% respondents did not received any kind of benefits from the article 371(j) and 19% respondents received the expected benefits from the article 371(j).

Table 3. Awareness Level of HKRDB

Awareness Level of HKRDB	No of Responses	Percentage
Have Good Information	89	22
Have Little Information	34	8
Don’t Have Information	289	70

Awareness of HKRDB is Very poor as 70% of the respondents don’t know anything about HKRDB, 22% respondents have good information and 8% respondents have little information of HKRDB.

Table 4. Expected benefits from HKRDB

Expected Benefits from HKRDB	No of Responses	Percentage
Received benefits	75	18
Not Received benefits	153	37
Don’t Know	184	45

The table shows respondents expected benefits from HKRDB, 18% respondents said that they have received the benefits from HKRDB, 37% respondents did not receive any benefits and 45% respondents don’t know the benefits of HKRDB.

Part - II

Assessment of Outcome and Quality of facilities available at survey locations:

By analyzing preliminary data collected through sample survey we found that the qualities of works done under HKRDB like roads, drainages, bridges, community toilets, drinking water facilities, school buildings, anganwadi buildings, hospitals and staff quarters are of good quality and they helped the society in general.

Drinking Facilities provided by the HKRDB helped people, as the drinking water supply in the villages are not up to the mark and quality of water is also not good because of very less availability of drinking water in the Hyderabad – Karnataka region due to poor rain and storage of water. Therefore the drinking water facility provided by HKRDB helped people and the water filters supplied in the schools, colleges and hospitals benefited students and patients. By providing safe drinking water facilities to rural areas and schools issues relating to health problems reduced considerably. However, in many villages still drinking water facility is not available.  In Bhalki hospital, water filter is supplied but drinking water supply is not available and many of schools and hospitals are facing the same problem of non availability of drinking water supply  in villages of Sedam taluka - Kurkunta, Haabal (T), Similarly, Devadurg and Jalhalli of Raichur district and also Sandur taluka hospital where pipeline for water supply is needed. Therefore people felt the need from HKRDB to provide drinking water facilities to such villages.

Many anganwadi centers are running in rented buildings like in Haabal (T) in Sedam Taluka etc. Buildings constructed by HKRDB helped anganwadis to run properly and few of angnwadis construction work is in progress and the toys supplied to anganwadies helped children’s to learn while playing and this in turn helped anganwadi teachers to bring more children to anganwadis. But the quality of education provided in the schools and anganwadis is not up to the mark as observed in the field visits. Still improvement of infrastructure facilities in schools and anganwadis are necessary.

The roads developed by HKRDB are of very good quality and helped people in easy transportation and indirectly increased their socio economic standard and many people said that due to construction of roads it helped them reach hospitals in time. Rural respondents said they can visit nearby markets faster and it increased their communication and information gathering of agricultural produce, it also benefited for knowing market prices of agri products and in turn helped them to make better profits.

Sanitation facilities like community toilets are constructed by the HKRDB in the survey area but they are not in proper use because of non water supply and no maintenance like community toilet in Katakchincholi village of Bhalki taluka, toilets and bathrooms at Shadimahal of Sedam which is located far from city, in Hatthi Kuni village of Yadgir taluka community toilet is constructed only in ST ward and remaining wards require community toilet facilities. To increase the use of community toilets a water tank or borewell should be constructed near toilets and maintenance has to be undertaken by local bodies.

The quality of food supplied in anganwadis and schools is of poor quality. Anganwadi teachers are not providing proper information to parents therefore many parents are not sending their children’s to anganwadis. Many of the anganwadis are running in rented rooms. In many government schools there are no desks and tables for students to sit, in some schools number of teachers and rooms are less compared to student’s strength. In some schools pure drinking water facility is not available students has to bring water from nearby sources, and toilets are not in use due to no water supply.

Street light facilities in rural area are poor because of improper maintenance of streetlights as streetlights does not have on and off switches. Streetlights burn day and night continuously and get burnt and the authorities do not replace immediately. In some villages main roads are far from villages and there is no street light facility from main road to the village people face problem during night viz. at Sangavi village there are no street lights from main road to village.

The outcome survey about heath facilities revealed that in many villages there are no public health centers people have to go nearby towns/cities to get heath checkups, and in places where health centers are available the quality of service provided is very poor because of non-availability of doctors in time at hospitals and non availability of proper medicines and treatments viz. doctors and medicine required at Kurkunta PHC Sedam, basic infrastructure facility required at Hatthi Kuni PHC of Yadgir taluka.

In some cases the newly constructed facilities and quarters are not handed over to concerned people because of delay in inauguration functions and department approvals.

Following are the few major changes noticed in the field.

• Social change has observed like improved connectivity among communities and geographical areas by construction of roads,
• Helped in giving better education to children by building schools, anganwadis, and by providing facilities to colleges and hostels,
• Helped people increase economical condition through proper roads and education.
• Increased and improved logistics helped in easy transportation of goods and travelling for people, in many villages government bus facility are not available people have to depend on private vehicles.
• Development works undertaken in schools, colleges and anganwadies helped children’s to get better education, which in turn help creating a better society,
• Poor streetlight maintenance in rural areas and required streetlights at many places.
• Improper maintenance of hospitals and unavailability of doctors in rural areas is one of the causes for not getting immediate health attention for the people.

Outcome Analysis Graphs

Table 5. Benefits of works done under HKRDB.

Benefits of HKRDB works	No of Responses	Percentage
Received Benefits	175	60
Not Received Benefits	40	19
Don’t Know	44	21

The table shows the benefits of works done under HKRDB, 60% respondents said they have received the benefits of development works done under HKRDB, 19% respondents said they have not received benefits and 21% respondents don’t know about the benefits/works of HKRDB.

Table 6. Quality of HKRDB works

Quality of HKRDB works	No of Responses	Percentage
Good	182	87
Average	18	9
Poor	9	4

It can be inferred from the table that 87% respondents said the quality of development works of HKRDB is good, 9% said quality average and 4% respondents said quality of work is poor.

Table 7. Social Impact of HKRDB works

Social Impact of HKRDB works	No of Responses	Percentage
Lifestyle Improvement	62	30
Income level improved	4	2
Educational Benefits	54	26
Transportation Benefits	10	5
Health Benefits	5	3
Sanitation facility Improved	21	10
Drinking Water Facility Improved	32	16
No Improvements	11	5
Don’t Know	10	5

The table represents the social impact of HKRDB development works, 30% of respondents said development works have improved their lifestyle, 26% respondents said improvement of education in the area has seen, 16% respondents said they felt the improvement in drinking water facility, 10% of the respondents felt the sanitation facilities are improved, other respondents felt the improvement in transportation, health, and income level, 5% respondents feel that there is no change in social impact.

Table 8. Quality of Development works

Works Done	Water Supply works	Street lights	Anganwadi works	School works	Health works	Local Body works	MGNREGA works
Good	141	163	131	139	129	31	59
Average	45	31	50	38	56	95	59
Poor	23	15	28	32	9	72	85
Facility Not Available in the location	0	0	0	0	15	11	6

The table shows the quality of different development works done under HKRDB, MGNREGA and Local Body works, majority of the respondents felt that the quality of HKRDB works are better than the MGNREGA and local body works, comparative table shows that works done under HKRDB like water supply, street light facility, anganwadi works, school and health works quality are very good with responses 141, 163, 131, 139 and 129 respectively, local body works have 31 good and 72 poor quality responses and MGNREGA has 59 good and 85 poor quality responses for Good quality works.

Table 9. Benefits of MGNREGA Works

Benefits of MGNREGA Works	No of Responses	Percentage
Received Benefits	84	40
Not Received	46	22
Don’t Know	79	37

Table shows the benefits received from the MGNREGA works by the respondents, 40% respondents said they have received benefits from the MGNREGA works, 22% said they have not received benefits, and 37% respondents don’t know about the benefits of the MGNREGA works.

Part – III

Felt need assessment:

By analyzing responses collected from the field survey we found that felt needs of respondents change village to village and institution to institution, the major needs felt by people are public toilets, water supply, roads, drains, and streetlights. Institutional respondents felt needs are health centers, anganwadi buildings and additional rooms for schools.

At Sangavi village of Sedam taluka bridge, streetlight and drainage are needed, and bus facility required for transportation where new road was constructed by HKRDB,

Some respondents requested for community halls in villages like Naaglapur of Sandur taluka to conduct any meetings and functions. Provision for drinking water facility for animals and safe drinking water for people, in few villages drinking water facility is not available, people have to travel long distances to collect drinking water even that water is not hygienic and pure, some respondents felt the need for play grounds for schools, compound walls, gates for hostels and hospitals. People also requested for cremation ground in Binnal village of Yalaburga taluk, etc.

HKRDB should take steps to provide pure and safe drinking water for villages and design a program which help people to get awareness about scarcity of water they must plan for permanent water sources in villages by making ponds, barrages, water tanks, and rain harvesting etc. majority of rain water flow to rivers and merge into sea specialy in rainy seasons, barrages in rivers at short distances may store water in rainy seasons increases ground water level and can be used in summer season.

Institutional respondents, hospitals require medical instruments and lab technicians, more beds and cots for patients, more hospital staffs etc. at Bhalki, Devadurga, hospital drinking water supply is needed, at school of Raajur village taluka Yalaburga borewell is required for drinking water majority of anganwadies require own buildings for anganwadies as they are running in  rented rooms, schools require more rooms, compound walls, gates, play grounds for children’s and furniture’s, colleges require, lecture halls, library rooms, science and computer labs.

About changes in procedures of obtaining 371(j) domicile certificate and HKRDB planning very few people responded that they need simplification in procedure for obtaining  domicile certificate, lesser documentation etc. about HKRDB planning; involvement of local people and field visits before allocating budget is required as felt by the respondents.

Felt need analysis Graphs

Table 10. Felt Needs of respondents:

Felt Need	No of Responses	Percentage
Roads and Drains	108	53
Bridges	52	26
Street Light	91	45
Water Supply	129	64
Public Toilet	148	73
Anganwadi	56	72
Health Center	67	33
School Building	32	16
Others Employment	32	16
Other Infrastructure facilities, like community hall, water drinking facility for animals, house for poor etc.	171	84

From the above data we can analyse that 73% of the respondents felt the need of community toilets, 72% respondents said they need anganwadies, 64% respondents said they need drinking water facility, 53% said they need roads and drains, 45% respondents said improvements in street light facility, 33% respondents felt the need of health centers, 26% respondents said they need bridges in the area, 16% respondents feel that school building and employment facility is required. 84% of the respondents felt the need of other infrastructure facilities like community hall in the village, drinking water facility for animals, house for poor, ration card etc.

Table 11. Changes in procedure for obtaining 371(j) certificate

Change in procedure of 371(j)	No of responses	Percentage
Change required	27	13
If yes, Simplify procedure	21	10
Reduce number of documentation	4	2
Others	2	1
Don’t know	176	87

It can be inferred from the above table that 13% of the respondents said change in procedure for obtaining domicile certificate is necessary, in which 10% respondents said simplification of procedure is required and 2% respondents said reducing the number of documents for obtaining domicile certificate. 87% respondents said they don’t know.

Table 12. Changes required in HKRDB planning

Change in HKRDB planning	No of responses	Percentage
Change required	18	9
If yes, Involve public in the process	10	5
Conduct field visit before budget allocation	1	1
Others	7	4
Don’t know	185	91

The table shows the change in procedure in HKRDB planning. 9% of the respondents said there should be change in planning procedure, in that 5% respondents said involvement of public is good for planning, 1% respondents said conducting field visits before budget allocation will be helpful for better planning. 91% of the respondents don’t know the HKRDB planning procedure.

Photos of HKRDB Works

Unused Toilet facility at Shadimahal Sedam Taluka	Shadimahal built in extention area therefore toilets and bathrooms constructed are not in use
Water Tank at Haabal(T) Sedam taluka not in use due to no water supply	Anganwadi building work in progress at Ribbanpalli
Community toilet work in progress at Yanagunidi village	Drainage required at Devadurga city

Instruments supplied at Bhalki taluka hospital	Community toilet constructed in Katak chincholi, Bhalki taluka not in use due to no water supply
Poor quality road Allipur to Horoncha in Yadagir Taluka	Anganwadi at Hattikuni village in Yadagir taluka
HKRDB board at Kotagera – Rampur cc Road, Yadagir Taluka	Survey work in progress